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Whole body vibration (WBV) is a generic term used where any vibration of any frequency is transferred to the human body. Vibration training on the other hand is a discipline where varying frequencies/amplitudes/forces will be transferred into separate body parts using precise joint angles for any limited time (approximately 1 minute sets). This is done to create a purely eccentric muscle reaction and enable anaerobic activity (burning energy without oxygen – the opposite of cardio). It should not be confused with uncontrolled vibrations in occupational settings such as truck driving or hand tool operating. It is important to point out that the first systems were especially designed to be a form of resistance training. WBV can be split into 2 simple categories; WBV Physiotherapy and WBV Training. WBV Physiotherapy includes stretches and massages in light contact with the machine or with minimal body weight behind the position. These positions should be zero effort (burning no energy). The most widely promoted WBV Physiotherapy position is standing upright, lock-legged on a pivotal or low energy lineal machine (this is often unethically sold as a weight-loss position). WBV Training is always done through a series usually with a minimum of 5 compound poses including half-squat, half-push up, wide stance squat, triceps dip and the plank hold. These static positions are usually held for a maximum of 1 minute and are designed to burn the maximum amount of energy in the shortest amount of time while causing no joint damage. As this is a new science and clear scientific definitions are yet to be agreed upon, the classic perceived exertion test should be the best indication of each specific position's intended purpose. In WBV Training terms this means if a position is being held correctly, muscle fatigue in the targeted body part should be reached within 1 minute (If the position is still able to be continued without exertion, it is therapy). Whole body vibration may refer to ''vibration training'', also known as ''vibration therapy'', ''biomechanical stimulation'' (BMS), and ''biomechanical oscillation'' (''BMO''), a training method employing low amplitude, low frequency mechanical stimulation to exercise musculoskeletal structures for the improvement of muscle strength, power, and flexibility. Vibration training has been advocated as a therapeutic method in the treatment of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and metabolic syndrome,〔Albasini, Alfio; Krause, Martin; and Rembitzki, Ingo. (2010). ''Using Whole Body Vibration in Physical Therapy and Sport: Clinical Practice and Treatment Exercises''. London: Churchill Livingstone.〕 and is used in the fitness industry, physical therapy, rehabilitation, professional sports, and beauty and wellness applications. Occupational WBV exposure, especially when chronic, is suspected to cause adverse health effects such as fatigue, lower back pain, vision problems, interference with or irritation to the lungs, abdomen, or bladder, and adverse effects to the digestive, genital/urinary, and female reproductive systems. Mandatory standards for regulation and monitoring of worker exposure to WBV exist in Europe; in the U.S., there are reference standards but no specific regulations.〔Paschold, Helmut W. and Mayton, Alan G. (2011). ("Whole-Body Vibration: Building Awareness in SH&E." ) ''Professional Safety'' 56: 30–35.〕 There are two categories of machinery – Pivotal and Lineal. The best way to describe these actions are as follows; Pivotal is like jumping side-to-side from one foot to the other; Lineal is like jumping up and down or doing push ups in one spot. Pivotal primarily works on the speed of the machine, looking at peak performance of approximately 27 Hz. Lineal works on a Mass x Acceleration x Frequency principle that could be best explained by the difference of catching a light ball to that of a heavy ball, and every ratio in between. ==Vibration Training vs. Vibration Therapy== A pivotal machine running on a low frequency (12 Hz and under) would be mainly used for physiotherapy applications and some strength and conditioning. Above this frequency it enters the area of exercise discipline and comes with some associated risks. For example, high speed with incorrect positioning could cause tissue damage. Whereas with Lineal machines the frequency is not so important, e.g. a lighter frame plastic or fiberglass machine running at 50 Hz would be mainly considered physiotherapy with some strength and conditioning applications. Some flexibility in positions on these lighter machines is allowed and should not cause any associated tissue damage. Vibration training as a discipline is known as “High Energy Lineal” and this signifies the use of a heavy vibration unit with limited amplitude (0.7mm-6mm) performed most effectively and safely by static positions. Static positions are commonly mistaken for isometric poses. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Whole body vibration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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